Sindrome de Atra / Atra syndrome

La leucemia promielocítica aguda (APL) es el subtipo de leucemia mieloide aguda de mejor pronóstico en niños. Su incidencia es menor a 10%. Desde el punto de vista citogenético se observa una translocación t (15;17). En la terapéutica la incorporación del ácido transretinoico ha logrado altas tasas de remisión completa debido a la rápida desaparición de la coagulopatía y, en consecuencia, disminución de la tasa de recaídas, en comparación con el tratamiento de monoterapia. En general es un fármaco bien tolerado pero puede tener reacciones adversas; el más grave es el síndrome de ácido transretinoico (ATRA), potencialmente mortal. Las manifestaciones clínicas son: fiebre, ganancia de peso, infiltrados pulmonares, síndrome de dificultad respiratoria, derrame pleural o pericárdico, hipotensión, insuficiencia hepática y renal. El tratamiento es con suspensión del ácido transretinoico, medidas de apoyo y altas dosis de esteroides. Se presenta un caso clínico del hospital del Niño DIF con APL y Síndrome de ATRA.

The leukemia promyelocytic acute (APL) is the subtype of leukemia myeloid acute of better prognosis in children. Its incidence is less than 10%. From the point of view cytogenetic is observed a translocation t (15; 17). The addition of the acid transretinoico has achieved high rates of complete remission because of the rapid disappearance of the coagulopathy and, consequently, decrease in the rate of relapses, compared with monotherapy treatment. In general it is a well-tolerated drug but can have adverse reactions; the most serious is transretinoico acid (ATRA), potentially fatal syndrome. The manifestations are: fever, weight gain, pulmonary infiltrates, syndrome of shortness of breath, hypotension, pleural effusion or pericardial, hepatic and renal insufficiency. The treatment is with suspension of the acid transretinoico, measures of support and high doses of steroids. It presents a case clinical of the Hospital del Niño DIF with APL and syndrome of ATRA.

Estabilidad de la adenosina deaminasa en diferentes medios de transporte del líquido pleural / Adenosine deaminase stability in pleural effusions defferent means of transport

La determinación de los niveles de la adenosina deaminasa en el líquido pleural es sensible y específica para la tuberculosis pleural. La adenosina deaminasa en el líquido pleural disminuye con el tiempo a temperatura ambiente. El objetivo de este estudio es demostrar si existe diferencia en los valores de la adenosina deaminasa en líquidos pleurales en cuatro medios diferentes de transporte (hielo, citrato de sodio, heparina y ninguna sustancia, química añadida). Se determinaron los niveles de la enzima en ochenta y ocho (88) muestras de líquido pleural procedentes de 22 pacientes con derrames pleurales no diagnosticados. Se demostró la concordancia diagnóstica entre los diferentes medios de transporte. No se demostró diferencia significativa entre los niveles de la adenosina deaminasa en cada una de los diferentes medios de transporte hasta dos (2) horas posterior a su recolección. Se recomienda enviar las muestras de líquido pleural con el conservativo adecuado o con ácido etilen diamino tetracético de rutina en nuestro país

The determination of the levels of adenosine deaminase in pleural fluid is sensitive and specific for pleural tuberculosis. Adenosine deaminase in pleural fluid decreases over time at room temperature. The objective of this study is to demostrate if there is difference on the average values of adenosine deaminasa in pleural fluids in four different means of transport (ice, sodium citrate, heparin and no added chemical substance). The levels of the enzyme in eighty-eight (88) pleural fluid samples from 22 patients with diagnosed pleural effusions were determined. We demonstrated diagnostic concodance between the differents modes of transport. No significant difference is between the levels of adenosine deaminase in each of the different means of transport up to two (2) hours after collection. It is recommended to send by routine in our country samples of pleural fluid with the right conservative or Acid etilen diamino tetracetic

Cilazapril-induced pleural effusion: a case report and review of the literature

We describe an unusual case of lymphocytic pleural effusion associated with the use of cilazapril, a novel angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor [ACEI]. An 80-year-old male was prescribed cilazapril for hypertension. He subsequently presented with right chest pain and dry cough. He was found to have a lymphocytic pleural effusion on thoracentesis. Extensive workup, including open pleural biopsy, failed to reveal the etiology of the effusion. However, soon after the withdrawal of cilazapril, his clinical symptoms improved and the effusion disappeared. ACEI-induced pleural effusion has only been rarely reported. Drug-induced pleural effusion should be considered when formulating the differential diagnosis in a patient receiving ACEI

Development of pleural effusion in patients during anti-tuberculous chemotherapy: analysis of twenty-nine cases with review of literature.

Twenty-nine cases of tuberculosis developing pleural effusion (PE) during antituberculous chemotherapy (ATT) were analysed for clinical presentation and management outcome. Sixteen (55%) patients had pulmonary tuberculosis alone while rest had associated or isolated extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Thirteen (44.8%) patients developed PE during the 5th-8th week of chemotherapy and nine (31%) during 9th-12th week. Eighteen (62%) patients were on either HRZE or HRE while five (17.2%) were on SHRZ regimen before developing PE. All cases had exudative PE. Pleural fluid centrifuge was smear positive for AFB in two (6.8%) cases and culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in four (13.7%) cases. Pleural biopsy sections were negative for either AFB or tuberculous histology in 15 out of the 24 biopsies done. Twenty-four (82.7%) patients showed good response on the same ATT without modification. Development of PE during successful ATT seems to be an extension of paradoxical events having an immunological basis, which does not necessarily require any modification in chemotherapy.

Bronchiectasis after kerosene ingestion

Kerosene paraffin ingestion represent a serious source of childhood poisoning in Saudi Arabia. The incidence of pneumonia after kerosene ingestion is high and may be accompanied with pleural effusion, pneumatocele or lung abscess. In this report we describe a case of kerosene ingestion that was complicated with bilateral pneumonia, pleural effusion and later with bronchiectasis

Pleural eosinophil infiltration induced by PAF-acether is not a desensitizable phenomenon

This study investigated the effect of successive daily intrathoracic (it) injections of PAF-acether upon its demonstrated ability to generate eosinochemotaxin(s). Repeated administration of PAF-acether led to a selective state of desensitization, characterized by a gradual reduction of its ability to induce exudation. Concomitantly, however, there was a progressive pleural accumulation of eosinophilis leading to a 7-fold increase in the eosinophil counts after the 4th restimulation. The generation of eosinochemotaxin(s) elicited by PAF-acether was not modified by desensitization, as detected by transferring the cell-free pleural fluid from donor to recipient animals. We conclude that, in contrast to exudation, eosinophil tissue infiltration induced by PAF-acether is not a desensitizable phenomenon

Estudio clínico experimental en la sínfisis pleural por acción del hidróxido de sodio / Clinical experimental study of pleural symphisis by sodium hydroxide action

Se realizó un estudio clínico-experimental utilizando como agente esclerosante el OHNa para el control del derrame pleural neoplásico. En el animal de experimentación se observó que la sustancia empleada produjo un exudado pleural rico en proteínas y que la concentración utilizada fue un factor determinante para la producción de sínfisis pleural. En el ensayo clínico se instituyó el método a 23 pacientes con derrame pleural neoplásico. Se utilizó una concentración de OHNa al 0,5%, obteniendo una efectividad del 100% en lograr sínfisi pleural; siendo los efectos adversos menores a los observados con otros agentes esclerosantes pleurales